Educación sabia para futuros complejos
Palabras clave:
conciencia, estudios futuros, pedagogías postformales, educación de la sabiduríaResumen
La visión dominante del mundo del siglo XXI está repleta de valores estúpidos, más que sabios, que se traducen en codicia corporativa, crisis climáticas, degradación ambiental y enormes disparidades económicas. ¿Es esto lo que queremos para nuestros hijos y sus nietos? La sabiduría requiere tanto la cabeza como el corazón. Sin embargo, paradójicamente, incluso un intelecto brillante, si carece de corazón y ética, no siempre es sabio. La sabiduría es integradora, es compleja y es creativa. La sabiduría no sigue el camino recto y estrecho, sino que serpentea, se detiene y mira por las esquinas para ver qué es lo que sorprende. Entonces, ¿cómo educamos para la sabiduría? Eso es lo que espero que descubran en este artículo. El trabajo comienza con la des-tinción entre el viejo y el nuevo pensamiento, luego explora la importancia filosófica de la sabiduría, los enfoques educativos que la fomentan y apoyan, y los ejemplos prácticos de los educadores que saben cómo cultivar la sabiduría. Palabras clave: conciencia, estudios futuros, pedagogías postformales, educación para la sabiduría.
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Hart, T. (2001b). Teaching for Wisdom. Encounter: Education for Meaning and Social Justice, 14(2), 3-16.Hart, T. (2006). From Information to Transformation: What the Mystics and Sages Tell Us Education Can Be. In S. Inayatullah, I. Milojevic, & M. Bussey (Eds.), Neohumanist Educational Futures: Liberating the Pedagogocal Inellect. Tamsui, Taipei: Tamkang University Press.Healy, J. M. (1998). Failure to Connect: How Computers Affect Our Children’s Minds - and What We Can Do About It. New York: Touchstone.Johnson, H. (2005). Counteracting Performativity in Schools: the Case for Laughter as a Qualitative Redemptive Indicator International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 10(1), 81-96.Kaufman, J., C, & Baer, J. (2005). Creativity across domains: Faces of the muse. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Kaufman, J., C, & Baer, J. (2006). Creativity and Reason in Cognitive Development. New York: Cambridge University Press.Kim, K. H. (2011). The creativity crisis: The decrease in creative thinking scores on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Creativity Research Journal, 23(4), 285-295.Kincheloe, J. (2006). Reading, Writing and Cognition: The Postformal Basics (Bold Visions in Educational Research). Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers.Kincheloe, J., & Steinberg, S. (1993). A Tentative Description of Post-Formal Thinking: The Critical Confrontation with Cognitive Theory. Harvard Educational Review, 63(3), 296-320.Klein, J. T. (2004). Prospects for Transdisciplinarity. Futures, 36(4), 515-526.Klement, K. C. (2005). Propositional Logic. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Klisanin, D. (2003). Designing media with intent: Evolutionary guidance media for the creation of planetary consciousness. Ph.D., Saybrook Graduate School and Research Center, California.Koestler, A. (1964/1989). The Act of Creation. London: Arkana.Kramer, D., A (2000). Wisdom as a Classical Source of Human Strength: Concep-tualization and Empirical Inquiry. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19(1), 83-101.Kristeva, J. (1982). Desire in Language: A Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.Labouvie-Vief, G. (1990). Modes of knowledge and the organization of development. In M. Commons, C. Armon, L. Kohlberg, F. Richards, A, T. A. Grotzer, & J. D. Sinnott (Eds.), Adult Development, Volume 2: Models and Methods in the Study of Adolescent and Adult Thought (pp. 43-62). Westport, CT: Praeger.MacLure, M. (2006a). The bone in the throat: Some uncertain thoughts on baroque method. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 19(6 November-De-cember), 729-745.
MacLure, M. ‘The bone in the throat’: some uncertain thoughts on baroque method. In Engaging Pedagogies, AARE 2006 International Education Research Conference, Adelaide, November 2006bMacLure, M. (2006c). Entertaining Doubts: on frivolity as resistance. In J. Satterthwaite, W. M. Martin, & L. Robert (Eds.), Discourse, Resistance and Identity Formation. London Trentham.Mason, M. (2008). Complexity Theory and the Philosophy of Education Educational Philosophy and Theory, 40(1), 4-18.Montuori, A. (1997). Reflections on Transformative Learning: Social Creativity, Academic Discourse and the Improvisation of Inquiry ReVision, 20(1), 34-37.Montuori, A. (1998). Creative inquiry: From instrumental knowing to love of knowledge. In J. Petrankar (Ed.), Light of Knowledge. Oakland: Dharma Publishing.Montuori, A. (2003). The complexity of improvisation and the improvisation of complexity: Social science, art and creativity. Human Relations, 56(2), 237-255.Montuori, A. (2006). The quest for a new education: from oppositional identities to creative inquiry. ReVision, 28(3), 4-17.Montuori, A., Combs, A., & Richards, R. (2004). Creativity, Consciousness, and the Direction for Human Development. In D. Loye (Ed.), The Great Adventure: Toward a Fully Human Theory of Evolution (pp. 197-236). Albany: SUNY Press.Morin, E. (2001). Seven Complex Lessons in Education for the Future. Paris: UNESCO.Morin, E. Restricted Complexity, General Complexity. In “Intelligence de la complexite : Epistemologie et pragmatique”, Cerisy-La-Salle, France, 26 June 2005: Centre d’Etudes Transdisciplinaires. Sociologie, Anthropologie, HistoireEcole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences SocialesMorin, E. (2015). What is the Complex Thought? Accessed 17 August 2015.Neville, B. (1989). Educating Psyche: Emotion, Imagination, and the Unconscious in Learning. Melbourne: Collins Dove.Nicolescu, B. (2002). Manifesto of Transdisciplinarity (Translated by Karen-Claire Voss) (Suny Series in Western Esoteric Traditions). New York: SUNY Press.Noddings, N. (2003). Happiness and Education. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Noddings, N. (2005). Caring in Education. The Encyclopedia of Informal Education, Olssen, M. (2008). Foucault as Complexity Theorist: Overcoming the problems of classical philosophical analysis Educational Philosophy and Theory, 40(1), 96-117.Ota, C., Erricker, C., & Erricker, J. (1997). The Secrets of the Play Ground. Pastoral Care in Education, 15(4), 19-24.Palmer, P. (1998). The Courage to Teach. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Pearce, J. C. (1992). Evolution’s End: Claiming the Potential of Our Intelligence. San Francisco, CA: Harper.Piaget, J. (1955). The Child’s Construction of Reality. London: Routledge.
Prewitt, V. (undated ). The Constructs of Wisdom In Human Development and Consciousness. http://www.psy.pdx.edu/PsiCafe/Areas/Developmental/CogDev-Adult/OD-Wisdom.pdf. Accessed 7.10.06 2006.Pridmore, J. (2004). ‘Dancing cannot start too soon’: Spiritual Education in the Thought of Jean Paul Friedrich Richter. International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 9(3), 279-291.Radford, M. (2008). Complexity and Truth in Educational Research Educational Philosophy and Theory, 40(1), 144-157.Rose, K., & Kincheloe, J. (2003). Art, Culture and Education: Artful Teaching in a Fractured Landscape. New York: Peter Lang.Schiller, F. (1954/1977). On The Aesthetic Education of Man - in a series of letters (First published in 1795). New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing.Schwartz, E. (1999). Millennial Child: Transforming Education in the Twenty-first Century. Anthroposophic Press: New York.Semetsky, I. (2008). On the Creative Logic of Education, or: Re-reading Dewey through the lens of complexity science Educational Philosophy and Theory, 40(1), 83-95.Sinnott, J. D. (1994). Development and yearning: Cognitive aspects of spiritual development. Journal of Adult Development, 1(2), 91-99.Sinnott, J. D. (1998). The Development of Logic in Adulthood: Postformal Thought and its Applications. New York: Springer.Sinnott, J. D. (2002). Teaching as Nourishment for Complex Thought: Approaches for Classroom And Practice Built on Postformal Theory and the Creation of Community In N. L. Diekelmann (Ed.), First, Do No Harm: Power, Oppression, and Violence in Healthcare (pp. 232-272). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Sinnott, J. D. (2005). The Dance of the Transforming Self: Both Feelings of Connection and Complex Thought are Needed for Learning. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 108(Winter), 27-37.Sloan, D. (1992). Imagination, Education and our Postmodern Possibilities. ReVision: A Journal of Consciousness and Transformation, 15(2), 42-53.Spina, S. U. (2004). Power Plays: Video Games’ Bad Rap. In S. Steinberg, & J. Kincheloe (Eds.), Kinderculture: the Corporate Construction of Childhood. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.Steiner, R. (1909/1965). The Education of the Child in the light of anthroposophy (GA 34) (2nd ed.) (G. & M. Adams, Trans.) (Original work published 1909). London: Rudolf Steiner Press.Steiner, R. (1927/1986). Truth, Beauty, Goodness (GA 220) [Lecture, Dornach, Switzerland, Jan 19, 1923] [Electronic version] (Original work published 1927). Steiner, R. (1928/1972). A Modern Art of Education (GA 307) (3rd ed.) (J. Darrell & G. Adams, Trans.) [14 Lectures, Ilkley, Yorkshire, Aug 5 to 17, 1923] (Original work published 1928). London: Rudolf Steiner Press.
Steiner, R. (1967). The Younger Generation: Education and Spiritual Impulses in the 20th Century (GA 217) (R. M. Querido, Trans.) [13 Lectures Stuttgart, October 3 to 15, 1922]. New York: Anthroposophic Press.Sternberg, R. J. (1999). Handbook of Creativity. New York: Cambridge University Press.Sternberg, R. J. (2001). Why Schools Should Teach for Wisdom: The Balance Theory of Wisdom in Educational Settings. Educational psychologist, 36(4), 227-245.Sternberg, R. J. (2005). Older but not Wiser? The relationship between Age and Wisdom. Ageing International, 30(1, Winter), 5-26.Wilber, K. (1995/2000). Sex, Ecology, Spirituality: The spirit of evolution (2nd ed., revised).Boston: Shambhala.Wilber, K. (2004). Introduction to Integral Theory and Practice: IOS Basic and the AQAL Map. http://www.humanemergence.nl/uploads/2011/03/IOS-Basic-In-tro-to-Integral.pdf2004.Yan, B., & Arlin, P. K. (1995). Nonabsolute/relativistic thinking: A common factor underlying models of postformal reasoning? Journal of Adult Development, 2(4), 223-240.
Biesta, G. J. J. (2014). The Beautiful Risk of Education. Boulder, Colorado: Paradigm Publishers.Clouder, C., Jenkinson, S., & Large, M. (2000). The Future of Childhood. Gloucestershire: Hawthorn Press.Davis, B. (2004). Inventions of teaching: A genealogy. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Deleuze, G., & Conley, T. (1992). The Fold: Leibniz and the Baroque. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Derrida, J. (2001). Structure, Sign, and Play in the Discourse of the Human Sciences (Trans. Alan Bass). Writing and Difference, 278-294Doll, W. (2008). Complexity and the Culture of Curriculum Educational Philosophy and Theory, 40(1), 190-212.Eckersley, R., Wierenga, A., & Wyn, J. (2006). Flashpoints and Signposts: Pathways to Success and Wellbeing for Australia’s Young People. Canberra: Australia21 Erikson, E. H. (1950/1985). Childhood and Society. New York: Norton.Falcone, G. J. (2000). The relationship of postformal thought to conceptions of wisdom as mediated by age and education. Ed.D., Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick and University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey.Gadamer, H.-G. (1960/2005). Truth and Method (Translated by Weinsheimer, J and Marshal, D, New York) Second Revised Edition London: Continuum International Publishing Group.Gardner, H. (1984/2011). Frames of Mind: The Theory of Mulitple Intelligences. New York: Basic Books.Gardner, H. (1996). Probing more Deeply into the Theory of Multiple Intelligences. NASSP Bulletin, 80(583), 1-7.Gardner, H. (2001). An Education for the Future: The Foundation of Science and Values. Paper presented at the The Royal Symposium Convened by Her Majesty, Queen Beatrix, Amsterdam, March 13Gidley, J. (2010). Globally Scanning for Megatrends of the Mind: Potential Futures of “Futures Thinking”. Futures: The journal of policy, planning and futures studies, 42(10), 1040-1048.Gidley, J. (2016). Postformal Education: A Philosophy for Complex Futures (Critical Studies of Education). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer International.Gidley, J. (2017). The Future: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.Gordon, G., & Esbjörn-Hargens, S. (2007). Are We Having Fun Yet? an Exploration of the Transformative Power of Play. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 47(2), 198-222.Grossman, D., Degaetano, G., & Grossman, D. (1999). Stop Teaching our Kids to Kill: a Call to Action against TV, Movie and Video Violence. NY: Random House.Hart, T. (2001a). From Information to Transformation: Education for the Evolution of Consciousness. New York: Peter Lang.
Hart, T. (2001b). Teaching for Wisdom. Encounter: Education for Meaning and Social Justice, 14(2), 3-16.Hart, T. (2006). From Information to Transformation: What the Mystics and Sages Tell Us Education Can Be. In S. Inayatullah, I. Milojevic, & M. Bussey (Eds.), Neohumanist Educational Futures: Liberating the Pedagogocal Inellect. Tamsui, Taipei: Tamkang University Press.Healy, J. M. (1998). Failure to Connect: How Computers Affect Our Children’s Minds - and What We Can Do About It. New York: Touchstone.Johnson, H. (2005). Counteracting Performativity in Schools: the Case for Laughter as a Qualitative Redemptive Indicator International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 10(1), 81-96.Kaufman, J., C, & Baer, J. (2005). Creativity across domains: Faces of the muse. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Kaufman, J., C, & Baer, J. (2006). Creativity and Reason in Cognitive Development. New York: Cambridge University Press.Kim, K. H. (2011). The creativity crisis: The decrease in creative thinking scores on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Creativity Research Journal, 23(4), 285-295.Kincheloe, J. (2006). Reading, Writing and Cognition: The Postformal Basics (Bold Visions in Educational Research). Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers.Kincheloe, J., & Steinberg, S. (1993). A Tentative Description of Post-Formal Thinking: The Critical Confrontation with Cognitive Theory. Harvard Educational Review, 63(3), 296-320.Klein, J. T. (2004). Prospects for Transdisciplinarity. Futures, 36(4), 515-526.Klement, K. C. (2005). Propositional Logic. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Klisanin, D. (2003). Designing media with intent: Evolutionary guidance media for the creation of planetary consciousness. Ph.D., Saybrook Graduate School and Research Center, California.Koestler, A. (1964/1989). The Act of Creation. London: Arkana.Kramer, D., A (2000). Wisdom as a Classical Source of Human Strength: Concep-tualization and Empirical Inquiry. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19(1), 83-101.Kristeva, J. (1982). Desire in Language: A Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.Labouvie-Vief, G. (1990). Modes of knowledge and the organization of development. In M. Commons, C. Armon, L. Kohlberg, F. Richards, A, T. A. Grotzer, & J. D. Sinnott (Eds.), Adult Development, Volume 2: Models and Methods in the Study of Adolescent and Adult Thought (pp. 43-62). Westport, CT: Praeger.MacLure, M. (2006a). The bone in the throat: Some uncertain thoughts on baroque method. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 19(6 November-De-cember), 729-745.
MacLure, M. ‘The bone in the throat’: some uncertain thoughts on baroque method. In Engaging Pedagogies, AARE 2006 International Education Research Conference, Adelaide, November 2006bMacLure, M. (2006c). Entertaining Doubts: on frivolity as resistance. In J. Satterthwaite, W. M. Martin, & L. Robert (Eds.), Discourse, Resistance and Identity Formation. London Trentham.Mason, M. (2008). Complexity Theory and the Philosophy of Education Educational Philosophy and Theory, 40(1), 4-18.Montuori, A. (1997). Reflections on Transformative Learning: Social Creativity, Academic Discourse and the Improvisation of Inquiry ReVision, 20(1), 34-37.Montuori, A. (1998). Creative inquiry: From instrumental knowing to love of knowledge. In J. Petrankar (Ed.), Light of Knowledge. Oakland: Dharma Publishing.Montuori, A. (2003). The complexity of improvisation and the improvisation of complexity: Social science, art and creativity. Human Relations, 56(2), 237-255.Montuori, A. (2006). The quest for a new education: from oppositional identities to creative inquiry. ReVision, 28(3), 4-17.Montuori, A., Combs, A., & Richards, R. (2004). Creativity, Consciousness, and the Direction for Human Development. In D. Loye (Ed.), The Great Adventure: Toward a Fully Human Theory of Evolution (pp. 197-236). Albany: SUNY Press.Morin, E. (2001). Seven Complex Lessons in Education for the Future. Paris: UNESCO.Morin, E. Restricted Complexity, General Complexity. In “Intelligence de la complexite : Epistemologie et pragmatique”, Cerisy-La-Salle, France, 26 June 2005: Centre d’Etudes Transdisciplinaires. Sociologie, Anthropologie, HistoireEcole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences SocialesMorin, E. (2015). What is the Complex Thought? Accessed 17 August 2015.Neville, B. (1989). Educating Psyche: Emotion, Imagination, and the Unconscious in Learning. Melbourne: Collins Dove.Nicolescu, B. (2002). Manifesto of Transdisciplinarity (Translated by Karen-Claire Voss) (Suny Series in Western Esoteric Traditions). New York: SUNY Press.Noddings, N. (2003). Happiness and Education. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Noddings, N. (2005). Caring in Education. The Encyclopedia of Informal Education, Olssen, M. (2008). Foucault as Complexity Theorist: Overcoming the problems of classical philosophical analysis Educational Philosophy and Theory, 40(1), 96-117.Ota, C., Erricker, C., & Erricker, J. (1997). The Secrets of the Play Ground. Pastoral Care in Education, 15(4), 19-24.Palmer, P. (1998). The Courage to Teach. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Pearce, J. C. (1992). Evolution’s End: Claiming the Potential of Our Intelligence. San Francisco, CA: Harper.Piaget, J. (1955). The Child’s Construction of Reality. London: Routledge.
Prewitt, V. (undated ). The Constructs of Wisdom In Human Development and Consciousness. http://www.psy.pdx.edu/PsiCafe/Areas/Developmental/CogDev-Adult/OD-Wisdom.pdf. Accessed 7.10.06 2006.Pridmore, J. (2004). ‘Dancing cannot start too soon’: Spiritual Education in the Thought of Jean Paul Friedrich Richter. International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 9(3), 279-291.Radford, M. (2008). Complexity and Truth in Educational Research Educational Philosophy and Theory, 40(1), 144-157.Rose, K., & Kincheloe, J. (2003). Art, Culture and Education: Artful Teaching in a Fractured Landscape. New York: Peter Lang.Schiller, F. (1954/1977). On The Aesthetic Education of Man - in a series of letters (First published in 1795). New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing.Schwartz, E. (1999). Millennial Child: Transforming Education in the Twenty-first Century. Anthroposophic Press: New York.Semetsky, I. (2008). On the Creative Logic of Education, or: Re-reading Dewey through the lens of complexity science Educational Philosophy and Theory, 40(1), 83-95.Sinnott, J. D. (1994). Development and yearning: Cognitive aspects of spiritual development. Journal of Adult Development, 1(2), 91-99.Sinnott, J. D. (1998). The Development of Logic in Adulthood: Postformal Thought and its Applications. New York: Springer.Sinnott, J. D. (2002). Teaching as Nourishment for Complex Thought: Approaches for Classroom And Practice Built on Postformal Theory and the Creation of Community In N. L. Diekelmann (Ed.), First, Do No Harm: Power, Oppression, and Violence in Healthcare (pp. 232-272). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Sinnott, J. D. (2005). The Dance of the Transforming Self: Both Feelings of Connection and Complex Thought are Needed for Learning. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 108(Winter), 27-37.Sloan, D. (1992). Imagination, Education and our Postmodern Possibilities. ReVision: A Journal of Consciousness and Transformation, 15(2), 42-53.Spina, S. U. (2004). Power Plays: Video Games’ Bad Rap. In S. Steinberg, & J. Kincheloe (Eds.), Kinderculture: the Corporate Construction of Childhood. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.Steiner, R. (1909/1965). The Education of the Child in the light of anthroposophy (GA 34) (2nd ed.) (G. & M. Adams, Trans.) (Original work published 1909). London: Rudolf Steiner Press.Steiner, R. (1927/1986). Truth, Beauty, Goodness (GA 220) [Lecture, Dornach, Switzerland, Jan 19, 1923] [Electronic version] (Original work published 1927). Steiner, R. (1928/1972). A Modern Art of Education (GA 307) (3rd ed.) (J. Darrell & G. Adams, Trans.) [14 Lectures, Ilkley, Yorkshire, Aug 5 to 17, 1923] (Original work published 1928). London: Rudolf Steiner Press.
Steiner, R. (1967). The Younger Generation: Education and Spiritual Impulses in the 20th Century (GA 217) (R. M. Querido, Trans.) [13 Lectures Stuttgart, October 3 to 15, 1922]. New York: Anthroposophic Press.Sternberg, R. J. (1999). Handbook of Creativity. New York: Cambridge University Press.Sternberg, R. J. (2001). Why Schools Should Teach for Wisdom: The Balance Theory of Wisdom in Educational Settings. Educational psychologist, 36(4), 227-245.Sternberg, R. J. (2005). Older but not Wiser? The relationship between Age and Wisdom. Ageing International, 30(1, Winter), 5-26.Wilber, K. (1995/2000). Sex, Ecology, Spirituality: The spirit of evolution (2nd ed., revised).Boston: Shambhala.Wilber, K. (2004). Introduction to Integral Theory and Practice: IOS Basic and the AQAL Map. http://www.humanemergence.nl/uploads/2011/03/IOS-Basic-In-tro-to-Integral.pdf2004.Yan, B., & Arlin, P. K. (1995). Nonabsolute/relativistic thinking: A common factor underlying models of postformal reasoning? Journal of Adult Development, 2(4), 223-240.
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2018-07-15
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Gidley, J. (2018). Educación sabia para futuros complejos. Runae, (3), 37–62. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.unae.edu.ec/index.php/runae/article/view/101
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